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1 absolute language
absolute taal -
2 absolute language
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3 absolute language
= computer language машинный язык -
4 absolute language
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > absolute language
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5 absolute language
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > absolute language
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6 absolute language
Техника: машинный язык -
7 absolute language
машинна моваEnglish-Ukrainian dictionary of microelectronics > absolute language
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8 absolute language
English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > absolute language
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9 absolute language
język bezwzględnyjęzyk maszynowyjęzyk wewnętrzny -
10 absolute language
język bezwzględnyjęzyk maszynowyjęzyk wewnętrznyEnglish-Polish dictionary of Electronics and Computer Science > absolute language
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11 absolute language
s.lenguaje absoluto. -
12 language
- advanced Boolean expression language
- advanced continuous simulation language
- application control language
- application data description language
- asynchronous circuit design language
- basic design language for structure
- behavioral description language
- behavioral modeling language
- block diagram language
- block structured language
- computer language
- computer design language
- computer-sensitive language
- context-sensitive matrix language
- continuous system modeling program language
- continuous system simulation language
- control and simulation language
- data асcess system language
- declarative language
- design language
- digital design language
- formal layout description language
- general-purpose language
- geometrical layout description language
- graphics-oriented language
- hardware description language
- hierarchical specification language
- high-level language
- imperative language
- integrated-circuit design language
- linear information processing language
- linkage control language
- logic, timing, sequencing language
- low-level language
- machine-dependent language
- machine-independent language
- modeling language
- modular language
- multilevel-architecture description language
- network description language
- network restructuring language
- nonprocedural language
- operating-system simulation language
- operational control language
- operator-oriented language
- overview language
- parallel context-free array language
- problem-oriented language
- procedural language
- program assembly language
- rational language
- real-time language
- register transfer level language
- self-extending language
- structured design language
- structure description language
- symbolic layout description language
- type 0 1, 2, 3 language
- type 0 language -
13 language
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absolute language
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algorithmical language
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algorithmic language
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applicative language
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artificial language
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assembler language
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block-structured language
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Boolean algebra-based language
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Boolean based language
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command language
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compilative language
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compiler language
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computer language
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computer-dependent language
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computer-independent language
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computer-oriented language
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computer-sensitive language
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context-free language
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control language
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conversational language
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core language
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data language
- data manipulation language -
data-base language
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data-definition language
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data-query language
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declarative language
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deduction-oriented language
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design language
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explicit language
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expression-oriented language
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extensible language
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FG-kernel language
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finite state language
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formal specification language
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function language
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functional language
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graphics-oriented language
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graphics language
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hardware-based language
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high-level language
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host language
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human language
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human-oriented language
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hybrid language
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imperative language
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input language
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instruction language
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interactive language
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interface language
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intermediate language
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interpretive language
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job control language
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kernel language
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knowledge representation language
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list-processing language
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low-level language
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machine language
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machine-dependent language
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machine-independent language
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machine-oriented language
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macro language
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meta language
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mnemonic language
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narrative language
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native language
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native-mode language
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natural language
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NC-AM language
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network control language
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nonprocedural language
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nucleus language
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object language
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object-oriented language
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original language
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parallel language
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plain language
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privacy language
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problem solving language
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problem-oriented language
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procedural language
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program development language
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program language
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programming language
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pseudo language
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query language
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real-time language
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reference language
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regular language
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relational language
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retrieval language
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robot language
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rule language
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semantic language
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sentential language
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simulation language
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source language
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specification description language
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specification language
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stratified language
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structured language
-
symbolic language
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system language
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system-oriented language
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target language
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typed language
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unstratified language
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untyped language
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user-oriented language
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world-modeling language -
14 language
язык || языковой- action description language
- actual machine language
- agent programming language
- AI language
- Algol-like language
- algorithmical language
- algorithmic language
- application-oriented language
- applicative language
- artificial language
- assembler language
- assembly language
- assembly-output language
- assignment-free language
- behavioral language
- bidirectional language
- block-structured language
- Boolean-based language
- business definition language
- business-oriented language
- calculus-type language
- C-based language
- client-side language
- code language
- command language
- compiled language
- compiler language
- component definition language
- composite language
- computer language
- computer-dependent language
- computer-independent language
- computer-oriented language
- computer-programming language
- computer-sensitive language
- consensus language
- context-free language
- control language
- conversational language
- core language
- data definition language
- data description language
- data language
- data manipulation language
- data storage description language
- database language
- data-entry language
- data-flow language
- data-query language
- declarative language
- defining language
- descriptive language
- descriptor language
- design language
- device media control language
- direct execution language
- directly interpretable language
- Dyck language
- end-user language
- escape language
- evolutive language
- executive-control language
- executive language
- explicit language
- extensible language
- fabricated language
- finite state language
- flow language
- foreign language
- formalized language
- frame-based language
- freestanding language
- functional language
- generated language
- graphics language
- graph-oriented language
- hardware-description language
- hardware language
- higher-level language
- higher-order language
- host language
- human language
- human-oriented language
- human-readable language
- indexed language
- information retrieval language
- informational language
- information language
- inherently ambiguous language
- input language
- input/output language
- instruction language
- integrated language
- interactive language
- interim language
- intermediate language
- internal language
- interpreted language
- job control language
- job-oriented language
- knowledge representation language
- language pair
- letter-equivalent languages
- linear language
- linear-programming language
- list-processing language
- logic-type language
- low-level language
- machine language
- machine-dependent language
- machine-independent language
- machine-oriented language
- macroassembly language
- macro language
- macroinstruction language
- macroprogramming language
- man-to-computer language
- mathematical formular language
- memory management language
- mnemonic language
- modeling language
- native language
- natural language
- NC programming language
- nested language
- network-oriented language
- nonprocedural language
- numder language
- object language
- object modeling language
- object-oriented language
- one-dimensional language
- operator-oriented language
- original language
- page description language
- parallel language
- phrase structure language
- predicate language
- predicate logic-based language
- predicate logic language
- privacy language
- problem statement language
- problem-oriented language
- procedural language
- procedure-oriented language
- process control language
- production language
- program language
- programming language
- pseudo language
- pseudomachine language
- query language
- readable specification language
- reference language
- regular language
- relational language
- relational-type language
- representation language - requirements modeling language
- restricted language
- rule-based language
- ruly language
- schema language
- science-oriented language
- script language
- self-contained language
- semantic-formal language
- semiformal language
- sentential language
- serial language
- simulation language
- single-assignment language
- source language
- specialized language
- specification language
- stream-based language
- strict language
- structured programming language
- structured query language
- super language
- super-high-level language
- symbolic language
- symbolic programming language
- syntax language
- synthetic language
- system input language
- system language
- system-oriented language
- tabular language
- target language
- TC language
- time sharing language
- type-free language
- unified modeling language
- update language
- user language
- user-oriented language
- very-high-level languageEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > language
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15 language
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16 absolute
ˈæbsəlu:t
1. прил.
1) полный;
абсолютный, безусловный Two great masters of the absolute art of language, Virgil and Pope. ≈ Эти величайшие мастера, которые владели языком абсолютно, Вергилий и Поуп ( из статьи Рескина). Leaving me in absolute ignorance of how to interpret her. ≈ И оставила меня в полной неясности насчет того, как ее понимать. absolute legacy - absolute majority absolute trust absolute prize absolute veto
2) беспримесный, чистый The absolutest, and sometimes loathsomest, trash. ≈ Эта чистейшей воды, и зачастую отвратительнейшая, мразь. absolute alcohol absolute ether
3) самовластный;
абсолютный;
неограниченный absolute power ≈ неограниченная власть absolute ruler ≈ самовластный правитель, тиран absolute monarchy
4) действительный, несомненный absolute evidence absolute proof absolute fact
5) филос. относящийся к абсолюту, абсолютный (в идеалистической философии) absolute idealism absolute idea
6) абсолютный absolute humidity absolute error absolute magnitude absolute ceiling absolute altitude absolute height absolute altimeter absolute scale absolute system absolute temperature absolute zero absolute address absolute value
7) грам. абсолютный, обособленный ablative absolute absolute participial clause
8) лог. абсолютный In respect to the Relation of the Predicate to the Subject, Judgments are divided into simple or absolute, and conditional. ≈ По критерию же отношения субъекта к предикату все суждения делятся на простые или абсолютные, и на условные.
2. сущ.
1) филос. (обыкн. the absolute, the A.) абсолют, окончательная действительность, реальность, как она есть на самом деле( в идеалистических философских концепциях) Shake off that dream of personality, and you will see that good and evil are identical in the Absolute. ≈ Достаточно очнуться от этого сна, который зовется личностью, как станет ясно, что добро и зло - одно и то же с точки зрения абсолюта.
2) филос. (absolutes) абсолютные понятия, принципы, ценности и т. п. to speak in terms of absolutes ≈ оперировать абсолютными понятиями
3) мат. абсолютная величина, модуль(философское) абсолют;
окончательная действительность в идеалистической философии ( *s) абсолютные понятия, принципы, ценности и т. п.;
- to speak in terms of *s оперировать абсолютными понятиями (математика) абсолютная величина, модуль абсолют полный, совершенный, безусловный, абсолютный;
- * indifference полное безразличие;
- * beauty совершенная красота;
- * promise ничем не обусловленное обещание;
- * purity первозданная чистота;
- * trust полное доверие абсолютный, неограниченный;
самовластный;
- * power неограниченная власть;
- * monarchy абсолютная монархия;
- * ruler самовластный правитель чистый, беспримесный;
- * alcohol чистый спирт действительный, несомненный;
- * fact действительный факт;
- * proof несомненное доказательство;
- * evidence неопровержимое свидетельство относящийся к абсолюту;
абсолютный (в идеалистической философии) ;
- * reality первоначальная, самосуществующая реальность;
абсолютная, непознаваемая реальность;
- * idealism абсолютный идеализм;
- * ego трансцендентальное эго;
- * spirit всеобщий дух, Абсолют (специальное) абсолютный;
- * humidity (физическое) абсолютная влажность;
- * scale абсолютная шкала;
- * system (физическое) абсолютная система единиц;
- * temperature( физическое) абсолютная температура;
- * value абсолютная величина;
абсолютное значение;
- * zero (физическое) абсолютный нуль;
- * address( компьютерное) абсолютный адрес (грамматика) абсолютный;
- * construction абсолютный оборотabsolute a грам. абсолютный;
absolute construction абсолютная конструкция ~ абсолютный ~ безусловный ~ беспримесный ~ естественный ~ неограниченный ~ неопровержимый ~ a полный;
безусловный, неограниченный ~ полный ~ a самовластный;
абсолютный;
absolute monarchy абсолытная монархия ~ совершенный ~ a чистый, беспримесный;
absolute alcohol чистый, неразбавленный спирт ~ чистый~ a чистый, беспримесный;
absolute alcohol чистый, неразбавленный спиртabsolute a грам. абсолютный;
absolute construction абсолютная конструкция~ a самовластный;
абсолютный;
absolute monarchy абсолытная монархияdecree ~ решение суда, окончательное и безусловно вступившее в силу decree ~ решение суда, окончательно и безусловно вступившее в силуБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > absolute
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17 Language
Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)[A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling itSolving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into anotherLANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own LanguageThe forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)[It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human InteractionLanguage cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language
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18 absolute coding
популярный на первых ЭВМ, но практически вышедший из употребления метод программирования с использованием машинных команд и абсолютных адресов. Такая программа может непосредственно исполняться процессором без предварительной трансляции и компоновки. Может применяться в редких случаях при отладке встроенных систем на простых микропроцессорах.Syn:создание неперемещаемой программы, чаще всего на ассемблереАнгло-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > absolute coding
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19 absolute assembler
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20 computer language
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Absolute music — (sometimes abstract music) is a term used to describe musicthat is not explicitly about anything, non representational ornon objective. In contrast with program music, absolute music has no references to stories or images or any other kind of… … Wikipedia
Absolute Power (comedy) — Absolute Power is a British comedy series, set in the offices of Prentiss McCabe, a fictional public relations company (or government media relations consultancy ) in London, run by Charles Prentiss (Stephen Fry) and Martin McCabe (John Bird).It… … Wikipedia
Absolute Greatest — Kompilationsalbum von Queen Veröffentlichung 11. November 2009 (Japan), 13. November (Deutschland, Österreich), 16. November (restliches Europa), 17. November … Deutsch Wikipedia
language — 1 Language, dialect, tongue, speech, idiom are comparable when they denote a body or system of words and phrases used by a large community (as of a region) or by a people, a nation, or a group of nations. Language may be used as a general term… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Absolute Boyfriend — ] [cite web |url=http://www.chuangyi.com.sg/new/ccatalogtitle.php?title=%26%2332477%3B%26%2323545%3B%26%2330007%3B%26%2321451%3B |title=Absolute Boyfriend Chinese releases |publisher=Chuang Yi |accessdate=2008 05 08 |language=Chinese] Madman… … Wikipedia
Language demographics of Quebec — This article presents the current language demographics of the Canadian province of Quebec. Contents 1 Demographic terms 2 Current demographics 2.1 Cities 2.2 Montreal … Wikipedia
Language isolate — A language isolate, in the absolute sense, is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or genetic ) relationship with other living languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common to any other … Wikipedia
Absolute Greatest — The Absolute Greatest … Википедия
